Install Ant in Ubuntu 16.04/18.04/20.04 Machine

APACHE ANT

• ANT stands for another neat tools
• It is java based build tool from Apache Software Fundation
• Ant uses build.xml file 
• Ant was created by james duncan davidson

Ant- Build Files:

• Ants build file is called build.xml should reside in base directory(base directory means where the source code will maintained) of the project
• In build.xml or any xml file it start with an xml tag project name and target a single project can have multiple targets
• There should be no blank lines or white spaces before the xml declaration

Installation: 

    We can install ANT in different ways, those are 1. Using "apt" command module

                                                                                 2. Using "distribution method"

Here, we will see both the ways how to install ANT.

Prerequisites: 

Java should be install in the server.

Step 1: Update the Server 

$ sudo apt update -y 


Step 2: Install Java latest version, basically this command will install JAVA Runtime Environment


$ sudo apt install default-jre


Install Apache ANT in Ubuntu using "apt" command module

Step 3:  Update the Server Install Ant


$ sudo apt update 
$ sudo apt install ant -y
To verify the Ant installation
$ ant -version

Install Apache Ant Using "Distribution Method"

Step 1: Enter into the "opt" directory


$ cd /opt/



Step 2:  Download the tar or zap source file from http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi


$ sudo wget http://mirrors.estointernet.in/apache//ant/binaries/apache-ant-1.10.5-bin.zip

Step 3:  Exatract the zip file or tar file


$ unzip apache-ant-1.10.5-bin.zip



Step 4: Add the ANT_HOME path.



$ sudo ANT_HOME=/opt/apache-ant-1.10.5




Step 5:  Now export the PATH



$ sudo PATH=$PATH:${ANT_HOME}/bin

Step 6: Now enter into the apache-ant-1.10.5


$ cd apache-ant-1.10.5




Step 7:  Now, Run the below command to start the "Build"


$ sudo ant -f fetch.xml -Ddest=system

NFS Server Installation

Important files for NFS Configration

• /etc/exports: Its a main configuration file of NFS, all exported files and directories are defined in this file at the NFS Server end.
• /etc/fstab: To mount a NFS directory on your system across the reboots, we need to make an entry in /etc/fstab.
• /etc/sysconfig/nfs: Configuration file of NFS to control on which port rpc and other services are listening.

To setup NFS mounts, we’ll be needing at least two Linux/Unix machines. Here in this tutorial, I’ll be using two servers.

             NFS Server: nfs.example.com with IP-192.168.0.63

             NFS Client : nfs-client.example.com with IP-192.168.0.64

At NFS Server End

Step 1: As the first step, we will install these packages on the CentOS server with yum

#      sudo yum install nfs-utils -y

Step 2:  Now create the directory that will be shared by NFS

#  sudo mkdir /var/nfsshare

Step 3: Change the permissions of the folder as follows:

# chmod -R 755 /var/nfsshare
# chown nobody:nobody /var/nfshare

NOTE: We use /var/nfsshare as shared folder, if we use another drive such as the /home directory, then the permission chnges will cause a massive permissions problem and ruin the whole hierarchy. So in case we want to share the /home directory then permissions must not be changed.

Step 4: 

#      PATH=$PATH:${ANT_HOME}/bin

How to Install ANT(Build Tool) in CentOS machine

APACHE ANT

• ANT stands for another neat tools
• It is java based build tool from Apache Software Fundation
• Ant uses build.xml file 
• Ant was created by james duncan davidson

Ant- Build Files:

• Ants build file is called build.xml should reside in base directory(base directory means where the source code will maintained) of the project
• In build.xml or any xml file it start with an xml tag project name and target a single project can have multiple targets
• There should be no blank lines or white spaces before the xml declaration

Ant Installation In CentOS Machine

Step 1: Update the Virtual machine

$ sudo yum update -y 


Step 2: Enter into the "opt" directory


$ cd /opt/


Step 3:  Download the tar or zap source file from http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi



$ sudo wget http://mirrors.estointernet.in/apache//ant/binaries/apache-ant-1.10.5-bin.zip

Step 4:  Exatract the zip file or tar file


$ sudo unzip apache-ant-1.10.5-bin.zip


Step 5: Add the ANT_HOME path.


$ sudo ANT_HOME=/opt/apache-ant-1.10.5




Step 6:  Now export the PATH


$ sudo PATH=$PATH:${ANT_HOME}/bin

Step 7: Now enter into the apache-ant-1.10.5


$ sudo cd apache-ant-1.10.5




Step 8:  Now, Run the below command to start the "Build"


$ sudo ant -f fetch.xml -Ddest=system

Ansible templates

Ansible templates:

• Templates will copy the source file to the target host destination.
• While the template module gets executed it will read the template file and change all the variables to its value and copy the file to the target host.
• Template file ends with .j2 extension which stands for Jinja2 templates.

Example-1:
—–

Create a directory.

#mkdir templates

Sample template file.

#vi templates/file.j2

<html>

<h1> Hello! Venkat </h1>

<h1> GoodDay {{username}} </h1>

</html>

Ansible Templates in Playbooks:
——————————————-

#vi playbooks/pb1.yml

- hosts: dev
vars:
- username: Venkat
- file_path: /var/www/html
tasks:
- name: Copy site files
template:
src= templates/file.j2
dest= {{file_path}}/index.html mode=0777

–> Use template module to copy the template file and the variables used in the template.

Ex-2: To change Tomcat port

#vi templates/demo.j2

.......

<Connector port= "{{myport}}"
protocol= "HTTP/1.1"
.......

(server.xml content)

After changing the Port edit the playbook.

#vi playbooks/pb2.yml

---
- hosts: web
become: true
vars:
- myport: 9090
- file_path: /etc/tomcat7/
tasks:
- name: to update packages
apt: update_cache=yes

- name: to install java
apt:
name=openjdk-7-jdk
state: latest

- name: to install tomcat
apt: 
name: tomcat7 
state: latest
- name: to change tomcat port
template:
src: templates/demo.j2
dest: {{file_path}}/server.xml
notify:
- restart tomcat

handlers:
- name: restart tomcat
service: 
name: tomcat7
state: restarted

Ansible Roles

<Ansible Playbooks                                                                                                                      Ansible Templates>

ANSIBLE ROLES:

• Ansible roles are the organized way to perform the tasks in different playbooks according to their functionality in a directory structure way.

• Roles allow you to call a set of variables, tasks, and handlers by simply specifying a defined role.

• In the role file inside every directory, there is a main.yml file.

• By default, the execution starts from the main.yml file.

Ansible Role Directory Structure:

Mainly ansible roles contain below the directories below.

• Tasks (a series of tasks are defined here)
• Handlers (All handlers are defined here)
• vars (all the variables are defined here)
• files (all the files will be placed inside this directory)
• meta (It is used to declare role dependences and information about a role)

Example:

#vi playbooks/pb1.yml
 ---
 - hosts: dev 
   remote_user: root 
   roles: 
     - myrole

Create the directories in the role directory.

#cd playbooks

#mkdir -p roles/myrole/{files,handlers,tasks,vars,meta}

Create task files.

#vi roles/myroles/tasks/main.yml

- include: pack_install.yml
- include: deploy_app.yml

Create the installation files.

#vi roles/myrole/tasks/pack_install.yml

- name: install {{pack1}}
  apt:
  name: {{pack1}}
  state: latest
  when: ansible_distribution=='Ubuntu'
  notify:
   - start apache2

- name: install {{pack2}}
  apt: 
  name: {{pack2}}
  state: latest
  when: ansible_distribution=='Ubuntu'
  notify:
  - start tomcat

- name: install {{pack3}}
  apt:
  name: {{pack3}}
  state: latest
  when: ansible_distribution=='Ubuntu'
  notify:
  - start mysql

Create deploy file.

#cd /playbooks/roles/myrole/tasks

#vi deploy_app.yml

- name: to deploy index.html
  copy: 
    src: index.html
    dest: /var/www/html/index.html

- name: to deploy sample.war
  copy: 
    src: sample.war
    dest: /var/lib/tomcat7/webapps/sample.war

Create handlers file.

#vi roles/myrole/handlers/main.yml

- name: start apache
  service:
  name: apache2
  state: started

- name: start tomcat
  service:
  name: tomcat7
  state: started

- name: start mysql
  service:
  name: mysql
  state: started

Create variables file.

#vi roles/myrole/vars/main.yml

pack1: apache2
pack2: tomcat7
pack3: mysql-server

Create sample files.

#vi roles/myrole/files/index.html

<h1> Hello from ansible role</h1>

See the files in the files directory

#vi playbooks/roles/myrole/files# ls

index.html  sample.war

Check the syntax

#ansible-playbook playbooks/myrole.yml --syntax-check

Execute the Roles

#ansible-playbook playbooks/myrole.yml

Role tree Structure:

After creating the roles directories and all files, the tree view will display like the example below.

                                                                                          

<Ansible Playbooks                                                                                                                     Ansible Templates>